802.1 IEEE Standard on Internetworking 802.2 IEEE Standard on Logical Link Control 802.3 IEEE Standard on CSMA/CD, Ethernet 802.4 IEEE Standard on Token Ring 802.5 IEEE Standard on Token Bus 802.6 IEEE Standard on MAN 802.7 IEEE Standard on Broadband 802.8 IEEE Standard on Fiber Optic 802.9 IEEE Standard on Integrated Voice and Data 802.10 IEEE Standard on Network Security 802.11 IEEE Standard on Wireless Network 802.12 IEEE Standard on Demand Priority, 100VG AnyLAN 100Base-T A generic name for 100 Mb/s twisted pair CSMA/CD proposals before the IEEE 802.3. Specific proposals include 100Base-Tx and 100Base-T4. 100Base-T4 A particular alternative within the 100Base-TX CSMA/CD proposals before the IEEE 802.3 for a 100 Mb/s Ethernet that specifies four pair of UTP3, UTP4, or UTP5. 100Base-TX A particular alternative within the 100Base-TX CSMA/CD proposals before the IEEE 802.3 for a 100 Mb/s Ethernet that specifies two pair of UTP5. 100Base-X 100 Mbits/sec throughput over hierarchical twisted-pair wiring configurations using the existing CSMA/CD access method. 10Base-2 A transmission medium specified by IEEE 802.3 that carries information at rates up to 10Mbps in baseband form using low-cost coaxial cable over distances up to 185 meters (607 ft). Also called "thin Ethernet" or "thinnet" or "thin coax" or "cheapernet". 10Base-5 A transmission medium specified by IEEE 802.3 that carries information at rates up to 10Mbps in baseband form using 50 ohm coaxial cable over distances up to 500 meters (1,640 ft). Also called "thick Ethernet" or "thicknet" or "thick coax", the cable is commonly referred to as yellow cable. Thick Ethernet cable is typically used as a trunk or backbone path of the network. 10Base-FL IEEE 802.3 Fiber Optic Ethernet. A fiber optic standard that allows up to 2,000 meters (6,560 ft.) of multimode duplex fiber optic cable in a point-to-point link. 10Base-T A transmission medium specified by IEEE 802.3 that carries information at rates up to 10Mbps in baseband form using twisted pair conductors. Also called unshielded twisted pair (UTP) wire. Using low cost Level 3 or better UTP wiring, 100 meters (328 ft.) of point-to-point link segments are possible. Uses RJ45 connectors and sometimes 50-pin AMP connectors to a patch panel. 1Base-5 Twisted pair cable with maximum segment lengths of 500 meters and transmission speeds of up to 1 Mbit/sec. AAL ATM Adaptation Layer ABR Available Bit Rate ACR Allowed Cell Rate ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ANSI American National Standards Institute Applet A small Java program that can be embedded in an HTML page ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency ARQ Automatic Repeat Request AS Autonomous System ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ATM Asynchonous Transfer Mode AUI Attached Unit Interface AVI Audio/Visual Interleaved data AWG American Wire Gauge - a system that specifies wire size. The gauge varies inversely with the wire diameter size. B-ISDN Broadband-ISDN Backbone Any network considered to provide interconnection among subnetworks. BBS Bulletin Board System BGP Border Gateway Protocol BNC Bayonet-Neill-Concelman, connector for coaxial LAN cables BOOTP BOOT Protocol Branch Cable The AUI cable interconnecting the DTE and MAU system components also known as a Drop cable. Bridge A LAN interconnection device used to link two or more local or remote LANs. Bridges are used extensively in LAN systems to extend their physical dimensions or modify their performance. BRM Backward Resource Management Broadband A method of transmission in which data flows from source to destination in a different form that existed at the source. Brouter A network device that can perform the functions of both a bridge and a router. Buffer A block of storage used to hold a portion of an information packet. CAPC Congestion Avoidance using Proportional Control CATNIP Common Architechture for Next Generation Internet Protocol - One of the three IPng candidates. CBR Constant Bit Rate CCITT Consultative Committee on International Telegraphy and Telephony CDMA Code Divsion Multiple Access CDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance CERN Centre européen pour la recherche nucléaire (European Center for Nuclear Research) CGI Common Gateway Interface CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentification Protocol CIR Committed Information Rate CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol CLP Cell Loss Priority CLR Cell Loss Ratio CLTP Connectionless Transport Protocol CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection CTD Cell Transfer Delay DAP Directory Access Protocol DCE Data Circuit-terminating Eqipment DCE Data Communications Equipment DCT Discrete Cosine Tranform DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine DLC Data Link Control DNS Domain Name Server or Domain Name System DPF Down Pressure Factor DSL Digital Subscriber Line DTE Data Terminal Equipment DVD Digital Video Disk E.164 ITU-T addressing standard EBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded-Decimal Interchange Code EFCI Explicit Forward Congestion Indication EPD Early Packet Discard EPS Encapsuled PostScript Ethernet The LAN technology that uses CSMA/CD physical access method and 10 Mbps digital transmission. The forerunner of the IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD standard. FCC Federal Communications Commission FCS Frame Check Sequence FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDM Frequency Divsion Multiplexing FDMA Frequency Divsion Multiple Access FIF Fractal Image Format FIFO First-In First-Out FOIRL Fiber Optic Inter Repeater Link FRM Forward Resource Management FSK Frequency Shift Keying FTP File Transfer Protocol GFC Generic Flow Control GIF Graphics Interchange Format GPRS GSM Packet Radio Service GSM Global System for Mobile communications GUI Graphical User Interface HDLC High-level Data Link Control HDSL High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line HDTV High-Definition Television HEC Header Error Control HSSI High Speed Serial Interface HTML HyperText Markup Language HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol IAB Internet Architecture Board ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol, low-level of TCP/IP ICR Initial Cell Rate IDR Inter-Domain Routing Protocol IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGP Interior Gateway Protocol ILMI Interim Link Management Interface Intranet A private network inside a company or organization based on Internet software and protocols IPng Internet Protocol - Next Generation. There were three candidates - CATNIP, TUBA, and SIPP. IPv6 Internet Protocol - Version 6 IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange, low-level protocol of Novell Netware, on top of SPX IRP Interior Routing Protocol IRTF Internet Research Task Force ISA Integrated Services Architecture ISDN Integrated Sevices Digital Network ISO International Organization for Standardization ISP Internet Service Provider ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector Java Sun Microsystems' new programming language JBIG Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group Coding Jitter The fluctuation of the data packet in respect to a standard clock cycle JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group Kernel The software that interfaces directly with the hardware LAN Local Area Network LAPB Link Accessed procedure - Balanced LAPF Link Accessed procedure for Frame Mode Bearer Services LIFO Last-In First-Out LIS Logical IP Subnetwork LLC Logical Link Control LMDS Local Multipoint Distribution System LZW A lossless compression algorithm by Ziv and Lempel and improved by Welch MAC Medium Access Control MAN Metropolitan Area Network MAU Medium Attachment Unit MBS Maximum Burst Size (ATM Forum: traffic parameter) MCR Minimum Cell Rate MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIS Management Information Systems MNP Microcom Networking Protocol MODEM DOdulation and DEModulation MOSPF Multicast Extension to Open Shortest Path First MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group MSK Minimum Shift Keying NHRP Next Hop Resolution Protocol NIC Network Information Center, also Network Interface Card NITF National Imagery Transmission Format NNTP Network News Transport Protocol NRN National Research Network nrt-VBR Non-real-time ariable Bit Rate NSAP Network Service Access Point (OSI term) OAM Operations, Administration and Maintenance OII Open Information Interchange OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSPF Open Shortest Path First P-NNI Private Network to Network Interface PCR Peak Cell Rate PDF Portable Document Format PDU Protocol Data Unit Perl A UNIX-based scripting language PGP Pretty Good Privacy. An open data-encryption standard written by Phil Zimmermann PGPS Packet-by-packet Generalized Processor Sharing PIFS Partitioned Iterated Function Systems PIM Protocol Independent Multicast Ping Packet Internet Groper - A program used to test reachability of destinations. Plug-in A (usually small) piece of software that adds features to a larger piece of software PNG Portable Network Graphics POP Point of Presence, also Post Office Protocol POTS Plain Old Telephone System PPD Partial Packet Discard PPP Point to Point Protocol PSK Phase Shift Keying PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PT Payload Type PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QoS Quality of Service RARP Reverse ARP, find IP address from physical RED Random Early Detection RFC Request For Comments RJ-11 Registered Jack 11 - A modular 4-wire jack and/or connector typically used with copper cable having two twisted pairs, usually unshielded twisted pair category 3 or category 5. Used for telephony, 10Base-T and 100Base-Tx Ethernet LANs, and Token Ring LANs. RJ21 50-Pin Telco connector, used in 10BASE-T wiring RJ45 This connector is a 10BASE-T standard for connecting UTP cabling. They are inexpensive and easy to install onto UTP cable. RMON Remote Network Monitoring Probe Router A hardware/software product which receives network layer datagrams and forwards them to their destination based on the network layer address in the packet. RPC Remote Procedure Call RSVP Resource ReSerVation Protocol rt-VBR Real-time Variable Bit Rate RTCP Real-Time Control Protocol RTP Real-time Transport Protocol S-HTTP Secure Hypertext Transmission Protocol SAP Service Access Point SDH Synchonous Digital Hierarchy SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SDU Service Data Unit SIPP Simple Internet Protocol Plus - One of the three IPng candidates. SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol SMDS Switched Multi-megabit Data Service SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNAP SubNetwork Access Protocol, use of IP datagrams and ARP on IEEE networks SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol Socket An TCP/IP software port SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange, Novell proprietary protocol SQL Structured Query Language, as in relational database SS7 Signaling System Number 7 SSL Secure Sockets Layer STM Synchronous Transfer Mode STM-1 A STM link at 155 Mbits/s SVC Switched Virtual Channel T-1 A leased-line data connection with a maxiumum capacity of 1.544 Megabits per second T-3 A leased-line data connection with a maximum capacity of 44.736 Megabits per second TCM Trellis-Coded Modulation TCP/IP Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TDM Time Divsion Multiplexing TDMA Time Divsion Multiple Access TDR Time Domain Reflectometer TELNET Remote Terminal Protocol TIFF Tagged Image File Format TR Token Ring TUBA TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses - One of the three IPng candidates. UBR Unspecified Bit Rate UNI User-Network Interface UPC Usage Parameter Control URL Uniform Resource Locator UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol VBR Variable Bit Rate VCC Virtual Channel Connection VDSL Very-High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line VPC Virtual Path Connection VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language WAN Wide Area Network WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing WWW World Wide Web X-Modem A file transfer pprotocol used for transfering binary files. Slower than Z-modem X.21 The DLC protocol for X.25 X.25 A network protocal used in Frame Relay Z-Modem The default protocol commonly used with windows when sending binary files.